Hydraulic brake



June 7, 1927. 1,631,800

- F. DoTscH HYDRAULIC BRAKE Filed July 14, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR WA (6W .EDo'tsch/ ATTORNEYS June 7,1927. 1,631,800

F. DOTSCH HYDRAULlC BRAKE Filed July 14, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS WITNESSES F. DOTSCH HYDRAULl C BRAKE June 7 1927.

Filed July 14, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .laigq:

WITNESSES Patented June 7 1927.

UNITED STATES FRITZ DOTSGH, 01 WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE.

Application filed July 14,

This invention relates to hydraulic brakes forcontrolling rotating transmission shafts of power mechanisms of engines of vehicles or other apparatus in which a braking actlon is necessary to cease the motion of the transmission shafts.

The principal object of the present invention is the provision of a hydraulic brake which is more thoroughly eflicient and effectual because of an improved distribution and control of the liquid medium used; because of the provision permitting circulation of the liquid medium to keep the liquid medium cool; because of the structural and functional features permitting a braking action to be obtained regardless of the direction of rotation of the rotor; and because of the provision of means for permanently locking the rotor against rotation when brought.

to a standstill to insure unintentional operation or movement of driven parts.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides in the particular provision, relative disposition and o eration of the parts hereinafter fully descri ed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in -which- Figure 1 is a side elevation.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional View illustrating the position of the valve member of the control valve when the retarding blades of the rotor are in their inactive positions, and when the rotor is permanently locked against rotation.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; the valve member of the control valve being shown in its position just prior to the braking action, and ready to be moved to control the liquid medium to finally bring the rotor to a standstill.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevation, the section being taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1', illustrat'm certain features of the control means of t e brake.

Fig. 6 illustrates the several stages of the .control means of the brake.

Generally stated, the hydraulic brake of the present invention comprises a stator, a rotor having retarding blades; means for controlling the liquid medium, the rotor, and the retarding blades thereof; and means by virtue of which the liquid medium is circulated to be kept in a cool condition.

The stator 10 is in the form of a casing 1926. Serial No. 122,405.

of any suitable construction and which will 18, 18, and 19. A by-pass 20 is provided to establish communication between the chamber 11 and the passage 16 at each side of the bore 15 for a reason to appear. The rotor 21 is arranged within the chamber 11 and has connected thereto a transmission shaft 22 which may be connected to any device to which motion is to be transmitted or from which it receives rotary motion.

The rotor 21 is cylindrical, and is arrangedeccentrically with respect to the wall 13 of the stator casing, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4. A portion of the rotor is substantially in touching relationship with that portion of the wall 13 between the branches 17 and 19 of the passage 16 to serve as a cutoff for the liquid medium at this particular point to cause the liquid medium to either enter or leave the branches 17 and 19 respectively according to the direction in which the rotor 21 is rotating. The shaft 22 of the rotor is mounted in suitable anti-friction bearings 23 carried by the stator 10. The rotor 21 includes retardin blades or vanes 24 which are arranged for radial movement in a recess 25extending diametrically through the rotor body. Each blade 24 has a bore 26 extending therethrough so as to establish'communication between the chamber 11 and the recess 25. Each blade has wear pieces 27 respectively on the opposite sides thereof near the outer ends and is provided in one side thereof with a recess or hole 28. The blades 24 are under the influence of a means in the form of springs 29 which have a normal tendency to constantly urge the blades 24 radially outward to active positions as shown most clearly in Fig. 4. The blades 24 are capable of radially inward movement toward each other, and radially outward away from each other as the rotor is in operation. Each of the springs 29 has the opposite ends thereof respectively received 1n bores 30 in the blades 24.

In order to hold the blades 24 in inactive positions within the recess 25 there are provided plungers or looking ins 31 carried by a yoke collar 32 for sli ing movement. Each plunger pin 31 has associated therewith a shell 33 carried by the rotor 21. Each shell has a bore 34 therein for receiving a portion of its related pin 31, there being a spring 35 arranged between a shoulder formed on the pin, and a portion of the collar 32. When the collar 32 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 2 the pins 31 are adapted to project themselves respectively into the holes 28 in the blades 24 as they are brought to their inactive positions due to coaction of their end portions with the wall 13. This occurs when each blade 24 is in substantially a vertical plane with its free end in engagement with the wall portion between the branches 17 and 19 of the passage 16. WVhen the collar 32 is moved to its other position, the blades 24 will be automatically moved radially outward to active positions by the action of the springs 29. This causes a displacement of a certain quantity of the liquid medium or oil in the chamber 11 which is transferred-to the recess 25, or in other words, the space provided between the opposed inner ends of the blades 24. To this end the rotor body has passages 36 each of which is controlled by an inwardly opening check valve 37 near the cylindrical face of the rotor body. Each passage 36 is in communication with the recess 25. As each blade 24 is moved radially outward a quantity of the liquid medium or oil in the chamber 11 is displaced and will find its way into the recess 25 through the pas-- sages 36. The oil so transferred into the recess 25 will be prevented from passing out of the recess 25 through the passages 36 by the check valves 37 as will be understood. The oil received in the recess 25 serves to aid the springs 29 in maintaining the blades 24 in active positions. When the blades 24 are moved to inactive positions, as shown in Fig. 2, the oil in the reeess 25 will be forced through the bores 26 in the blades 24. This occurs as one blade 24 is moved radially inward; the oil passing through the bore in the other blade 24 which will be. then held in a retracted position b its pin 31.

The liquid medium or oil is controlled in itsmovement when subjected to the action of the retarding blades 24 by a control valve which includes a valve member 38arranged in the bore 15. The valve member 38 is tapered and held in place in the bore .by a stufling box 39 which surrounds the stem 40 of the valve member 38. The valve member 38 is provided with a transverse passage 41 and a branch passage 42 which communicates with the passage 41. The arran ment of the passages 41- and 42 is sue that in one position of the valve member 38 the passage 41 will register with the branches 18, 18, of the passage 16, while the passage 42 registers with the outlet 43 whose purpose will appear. In another position of the valve member 38 the passages 41 and 42 thereof are out of registration with the branches 18, 18 and said outlet-43 respectively as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. l/Vhen the valve member 38 is in the position shown in Fig. 3 a permanent braking action or locking action is obtained.

. In order to positively lock the rotor 21 against rotation when the same has been brought to a standstill there is provided a locking pin or bolt 44 arranged for sliding movement. The ,extremity 45 of the bolt 44 is movable into and out of engagementwith teeth 46 arranged circumferentially of the rotor body as shown in Fig. 1. The said bolt 44 when its extremity 45 is inengagement with certain of the teeth 46 positively holds the rotor 21 against rotation, and as a consequence those parts connected to the rotor 21 will also be positively held against movement until the bolt 44 is retracted.

In order to control the movement of the liquid medium, the locking pins 31, and the locking bolt 44.,synchronously, there is provided a common operating means which will lead to a suitable point so as to'be conveniently accessible for carrying out the required manipulations. The said operating means includes a slide 47 arranged in a guide 48. The slide 47 is provided with slots 49 and 50 which provide cams 51 and 52. A yoke 53 is employed in conjunction with the collar 32 and has connected thereto a shifting rod 54 which carries a pin 55 disposed in the slot 49. One end of the bolt 44 has a pin 56 which is disposed in the slot 50. The slide 47 has a rod 57 connected thereto which extends through a stufling box 58 carried by the guide 48. The rod 57 extends to any suitable point and may be provided with a suitable manipulating device for reciprocating the same. The stem 40 of the valve member 38 has an arm 59 which is pivotally connected as at 60 to one end of a connecting rod 61, the opposite end of which is pivotally connected as at 62 to a clip 63 secured to the rod 57.

In order to allow the liquid medium or oil to circulate for the purpose of keeping the oil cool there are provided inlets 64 and 65 which communicate respectively with the branches 17 and 19 of the passage 16, and an Inn outlet 66. Each of the inlets'64 and 65 is that when the valve member 38 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 4, and;further assuming that the rotor 21 is rotating in a counterclockwise direction, that oil will be passing out of the outlet 66 and in through the inlet 65. The inlets 64 and 65, and the outlet 66 ma be connected to a suitable reservoir (not s own), by suitable pipe connections. WVhen the rotor 21 rotates in aclockwise direction, oil will flow in a reverse direction out through the outlet 66 and in through the inlet 64.

In operation, with the parts in the positions shown in Fig. 4, with the rotor 21 in motion, by manipulating the rod 57 the valve member 38 may be radually moved to gradually cut of]? the oil 1% passage 16. This has a tendency to retard the rotation of the rotor 21. At thesame time some of the oil is being transferred be hind the blades 24 by virtue of the by-passes 20 to compensate for the disparity in the amount of oil leaving the chamber 11 throu h the branch 17, and that entering the cham er 11 through the branch 19. At the same time oil is circulating through the outlet 66 and is returned through the inlet 64 due to a suction action which is created by the action of the rotor 21. The rotor will be finally brought to a standstill, but before this occurs the to shift the co lar 32, bringing the pins 31 into active positions. When the pins 31 are in active positions the blades 24 in succession will be forced into the recess 25, and as a consequence the pins 31 will respectively engage in the holes28 in the blades 24. The pins 31 are moved to their active positions by virtue of the action of the pin 56 with the cam 51. By moving the rod 57 in an opposite direction, or to the left from the'position shown in Fig. 5, the pin 55 will coact with the cam 52, and as a result the bolt 44 will be moved to bring its extremity 45 into engagement with certain of the teeth 46 to thus hold the rotor positively against rotation in either direction. When the extremity of the bolt 44 is in engagement with certain of the teeth 46, the blades 24 will still be held in their inactive positions, due to the arrangement of the cams 51 and 52. As illustrated in-Fig. 6, when the valve member 38 is in its full opened position, the locking bolt 44 will be in a retracted position, while the locking pins 31 will be in the holes 28 of the blades 24 respectively. As the rod 57 is moved to bring the valve member 38 to a partly closed position, the locking pins 31 will be with drawn from the holes 28, and as a result the blades 24 will move to active positions. In the further movement of the rod 57 in the same direction, the valve member will be owing through the oke 53 will have been moved.

When the slide 47 is at the extreme right hand position, the valve member 38 will be in an opened position, the blades 24 will be in their inactive positions, and the bolt 44 will be retracted allowing the rotor to rotate freely while the liquid medium will be allowed to circulate in the maner explained hereinbefore.

I claim:

'1. A hydraulic brake comprising a stator having a liquid chamber, a valve casing, a valve member in said valve casing, a passage in communication with the interior of the valve casing and said chamber, a by-pass in communication with said chamber and said passa e at each side of the valve member, a rotor ody operable in said chamber and arran ed eccentrically with res ect to the cylin rical wall thereof, -ra ial retarding blades arranged for movement in a recess in said rotor body, means having a normal tendency to urge said blades radially outward to maintain their outer edges in contact with said cylindrical wall, said blades adapted to move against the liquid in said chamber to obtain the braking action, the movement of the liquid being under control of said valve member, and means for actuating said valve member.

2. A hydraulic brake comprising a stator having a liquid chamber, a valve casing, a. valve member in said valve casing, a passage in communiction with the interior of the valve casing in communlcation with said chamber and said passage at each side of the valve member, a rotor body operable in said chamber and arranged eccentrically with respect to the cylindrical wall thereof, radial retarding blades arranged for movement in a recess in said rotor-body, means having a normal tendency to urge said blades radially out: ward to maintain their outer edges in contact with said cylindrical wall, said blades adapted to move against the liquid in said chamber to obtain the braking action, the movement of the liquid being under control of said valve member, means for actuating said valve member, and means operable to hold said rotor body against rotation.

3. A' hydraulic brake comprising a stator having a liquid chamber, a valve casing, a valve member in said valve casing, a passa e in communiction with the interior of t e valve casing and said chamber, a by-pass in communication with said chamber and said passage at each side of the valve member, a rotor body operable in said chamber and arranged eccentri'cally with respect to the cvlindrical wall thereof, radial retarding blades arranged for movement in a recess in said rotor body, means having a normal tendency to urge said blades radially outward to maintain their outer edges in contact with said cylindrical wall, said blades adapted to move against the liquid in said chamber to obtain the braking action, the movement of the liquid being under control of said valve member, means for actuating said valve member, and means operable to releasably maintain said blades in inactive positions in said recess.

4QA hydraulic'brake comprising a stator having a liquid chamber, a valve casing, a valve member'in said valve casing, a passage in communication with the interior of the valve casing and said chamber, a bypass in communication with said chamber and said passage at each side of the valve member, a rotor body operable in said chamber and arranged eccentrically with respect to the cylindrical wall thereof, radial retarding blades arranged for movement in a recess in saidrotor body, means having a normal tendency to urge said blades radially outward to maintain their outer edges in contact with said cylindrical wall, said blades ada ted to move against the liquid in said cham or to obtain the braking action, the movement of the liquid being under the control of said valve member, and mechanism for synchronously effecting the rota-' retarding blades carried by said rotor body for movement to active and inactive positions, each of said blades having a liquid escape passage therein, means having a normal tendency to move said blades to their active positions, and means operable to releasably maintain said blades in theirinactive positions.

, 7. In a hydraulic brake, a rotor bod retarding blades carried by said rotor bo y for movement to active and inactive positions, each of said blades having a liquid escape passage therein, a slidably mounted collar, pins movably carried by said collar, means having a normal tendency to yieldably hold said pins extended for en agement respectively in holes in said b ades, when said collar is in .one position, and means for etiecting the movement of said collar to retract said pins from said holes.

8. In a hydraulic brake, a stator having a liquid chamber, a rotor body arranged in said liquid chamber for rotation therein, said rotor body having a recess therein, retarding blades arranged for movement in the recess in said rotor body to active and inactive positions, each of said blades having a liquid escape passage therein, said rotor body having liquid inlet passages therein in connection with said recess, and means controlling said passages in said rotor body to permit liquid to enter said recess through said passages from said liquid chamber and prevent the escape of liquid therethrough from the recess to the liquid chamber.

FRITZ DOTSOH. 

